Telecommunications inYemen
From Wikipedia
There
are a number of systems of communications in Yemen.
There
are a number of systems of communications in Yemen.
TeleYemen is the exclusive provider of international
telecommunications for Yemen—fixed-line and wireless mobile companies, telex,
and Internet services—and is one of the mobile-phone operators. In 2003 the
government-owned Public Telecommunications Corporation assumed full control of
TeleYemen, and a year later it awarded a five-year management contract to
France Telecom.
The infrastructure of the domestic system consists of microwave
radio relay, cables and tropospheric scatter. The international network
consists of three Intelsat (two Indian Ocean, and one Atlantic Ocean), one
Intersputnik and two Arabsat satellite earth stations, and a microwave radio
relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti. Since unification in 1990, efforts have
been made to create a national telecommunications network.
Yemen had only 270,000 Internet users in 2006.This low number is
attributed to the high cost of computer equipment and connections in
combination with the population's low level of income, as well as to the
restricted bandwidth available on Yemen’s outdated telephone network.In 2005
TeleYemen announced it would invest in the FALCON high-capacity loop cable
system, which will improve Internet access, including broadband capability, and
also expand international call accessibility. There are five internet service
provider in Yemen.[citation needed] The top-level domain and country code for
Yemen is "YE". By the end of 2008 the Internet users increased to
295,232.
The cost of running a landline or owning a mobile telephone is out
of reach for most of Yemen’s poor population, resulting in very low telephone
usage rates—3.9 fixed-line subscribers and 9.5 mobile subscribers per 100
persons in 2005. The U.S. government reported 968,400 landlines and 2 million
mobile subscribers in Yemen in 2006.The ministry of Telecom & IT of Yemen
declared some new statistics of 6.271 million mobile subscribers by 2008.The
technology used for domestic lines includes microwave radio relay, cable, and
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).[In 2001 two private companies
won 15-year licenses to provide mobile phone services.The growth of the
companies' networks has resulted in coverage of about 60 percent of the
population, but threats to internal security coupled with poor consumer payment
history remain obstacles to future growth.In August 2005, the government
awarded a contract to a joint venture between China Mobile and a group of
Yemeni investors to take a 55 percent stake in Yemen’s third mobile network;
the government will retain a 25 percent share. In August 2006, the same
conglomerate was awarded a contract for a fourth mobile network.The four mobile
network providers currently present in the mobile phone market are MTN Yemen
(Spacetel Yemen until 2006), Sabafon, Yemen Mobile, and Y (Hits Unitel).
The state-run Republic of Yemen Television and Republic of Yemen
Radio operate the country's television and radio networks, respectively. As of
1998 Yemen had six AM, one FM, and two shortwave radio broadcast stations and,
as of 2007, three television broadcast stations, plus several low-power
repeaters.As of 1997, there were 1.05 million radios and 470,000 televisions in
Yemen.
Internet
Internet usage in Yemen began in 1996 through the ISP TeleYemen and the Public Telecommunications Corporation
Growth
Development of the telecommunications and information technology
sectors in Yemen occurred from 2000 to 2005. The extent of investments in
infrastructure development of telecom and IT systems came to more than YR 80
billion, in addition to loans of $31 million by the South Korean government.
The number of subscribers to cellular telephone networks came to 1.2 million by
early 2006, in comparison to 153,000 in 1991. The number of Internet users came
to 110,000 in 2006, compared to 3,800 in 1991
There has been a huge demand for faster Internet connections in
Yemen, and that pushed the two ISPs (TeleYemen, operators of the service YNET,
and YemenNet, through the state's powerful Ministry of Telecommunications) to
introduce ADSL and ISDN connections. Also, the E-government project that
started on 2000 to give the citizens the ability to access web services and
finalize G2C transactions increased the number of Internet users dramatically.
But still the quality of speed is not that up to the mark. Telecommunication
for international calls specially in Europe and U.S.A is quite high in
comparison to other countries.
The
Internet penetration in Yemen is among the lowest in the Arab World region. By
September 2005, Yemen's Internet subscribers' penetration stood at a very small
0.5%, The Internet users penetration was however 2.4% by end of September 2005.
The Arab Advisors Group projects the Internet subscribers' penetration to reach
nearly 1.36% and the users' penetration to reach nearly 6.81% by end of 2010.
Ms. Hadeel Sakkijha, Arab Advisors Research Analyst wrote in the report.
Filtering
The government of
Yemen, through its control of both ISPs in the country, filters what Internet
content its citizens can access. The OpenNet Initiative's tests of the filters
found that the primary target was pornography, but other content including
"sex education and provocative clothing sites, gay and lesbian-related
materials, gambling sites, dating sites, drug-related sites, sites enabling
anonymous Web surfing, proxy servers that circumvent filtering, and sites with
content related to converting Muslims to other religions" were blocked in
varying degrees. However, the state "does not block political content
and its blocking of religious content is limited, focusing only on a small
number of anti-Islam sites."
A number of other policies have also
been enacted by the Yemeni Ministry of Communications and the Yemeni Ministry
of Culture. The government ordered that Internet cafes remove barriers
separating users from each another. In the past, visitors had private cabinets
to themselves, so that they could log on to the websites without being seen by
anyone else.
VSAT
INTERNET FOR YEMEN
Yemen is within our satellite KU
band service coverage via SES-4, AM44 and ARABSAT. See footprints below.
See
above the Middle East Map and trace Yemen to the satellite coverage
below. This means Yemen people can avail of a two way data, voice, video
and internet communications to the rest of the globe via any of these covering
communication satellites.
What
will be required are an ODU (Out Door Unit) composed of satellite dish antenna
(VSAT), penetrating or non penetrating mount which can be aligned to the
serving satellite by qualified engineer in no time; and an IDU (In Door Unit)
composed of satellite modem or receiver/transmitter and a connection to the
end user LAN (Local Area Network).
Division
'Aden , 'Amran , Abyan , Ad-Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah , Al Jawf , Al-Mahrah , Al-Mahwit , Amanat Al-Asemah , Dhamar, Hadhramaut , Hajjah , Ibb , Lahij , Ma'rib , Raymah, Sa'dah , Sana'a , Shabwah , Taiz.
Capital City
Aden, 'Amran, Zinjibar, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al-Hudaydah, Al-Jawf, Al-Ghaydah, Al-Mahweet, Sana'a, Dhamar, Al-Mukalla, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Kosmah, Sa`dah, Sana'a, Ataq, Taiz.
'Aden , 'Amran , Abyan , Ad-Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah , Al Jawf , Al-Mahrah , Al-Mahwit , Amanat Al-Asemah , Dhamar, Hadhramaut , Hajjah , Ibb , Lahij , Ma'rib , Raymah, Sa'dah , Sana'a , Shabwah , Taiz.
Capital City
Aden, 'Amran, Zinjibar, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al-Hudaydah, Al-Jawf, Al-Ghaydah, Al-Mahweet, Sana'a, Dhamar, Al-Mukalla, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Kosmah, Sa`dah, Sana'a, Ataq, Taiz.
List of Governorate:
Aden Governorate: Al Buraiqeh District, Al Mansura District, Al Mualla District, Ash Shaikh Outhman District, Attawahi District, Craiter District, Dar Sad District, Khur Maksar District.'Amran Governorate: Al Ashah District, Al Madan District,Al Qaflah District, Amran District, As Sawd District, As Sudah District, Bani Suraim District, Dhi Bin District, Habur Zulaymah District, Harf Sufyan District, Huth District, Iyal Surayh District, Jabal Iyal Yazid District, Khamir District, Kharif District, Maswar District, Raydah District, Shaharah District, Suwayr District, Thula District.Abyan Governorate: Ahwar District, Al Mahfad District, Al Wade'a District, Jayshan District, Khanfir District, Lawdar District, Mudiyah District, Rasad District, Sarar District, Sibah District, Zingibar District.Ad Dali' Governorate: Ad Dhale'e District, Al Azariq District, Al Husha District, Al Hussein District, Ash Shu'ayb District, Damt District, Jahaf District, Juban District, Qa'atabah District.Al Bayda' Governorate: Al A'rsh District, Al Bayda District, Al Bayda City District, Al Malagim District, Al Quraishyah District, Ar Ryashyyah District, As Sawadiyah District, As Sawma'ah District, Ash Sharyah District, At Taffah District, Az Zahir District, Dhi Na'im District, Maswarah District, Mukayras District, Na'man District, Nati' District, Rada' District, Radman Al Awad District, Sabah District, Wald Rabi' District.Al Hudaydah Governorate: Ad Dahi District, Ad Durayhimi District, Al Garrahi District, Al Hajjaylah District, Al Hali District, Al Hawak District,Al Khawkhah District,Al Mansuriyah District, Al Marawi'ah District, Al Mighlaf District, Al Mina District, Al Munirah District, Al Qanawis District, Alluheyah District, As Salif District, As Sukhnah District, At Tuhayat District, Az Zaydiyah District, Az Zuhrah District, Bajil District, Bayt al-Faqih District, Bura District, Hays District, Jabal Ra's District, Kamaran District, Zabid District.Al Jawf Governorate: Al Ghayl District, Al Hazm District, Al Humaydat District, Al Khalq District, Al Maslub District, Al Matammah District, Al Maton District, Az Zahir District, Bart Al Anan District, Khabb wa ash Sha'af District, Kharab Al Marashi District, Rajuzah District.Al Mahrah Governorate: Al Ghaydah District, Al Masilah District, Hat District, Hawf District, Huswain District, Man'ar District, Qishn District, Sayhut District, Shahan District.Al Mahwit Governorate: Al Khabt District, Al Mahwait District, Al Mahwait City District, Ar Rujum District, At Tawilah District, Bani Sa'd District, Hufash District, Milhan District, Shibam Kawkaban District.Amanat Al Asimah Governorate: Al Wahdah District, As Sabain District, Assafi'yah District, At Tahrir District, Ath'thaorah District, Az'zal District, Bani Al Harith District, Ma'ain District, Old City District, Shu'aub District.Dhamar Governorate: Al Hada District, Al Manar District, Anss District, Dawran Aness District, Dhamar City District, Jabal Ash sharq District, Jahran District, Maghirib Ans District, Mayfa'at Anss District, Utmah District, Wusab Al Ali District, Wusab As Safil District.Hadhramaut Governorate: Ad Dis District, Adh Dhlia'ah District, Al Abr District, Al Mukalla District, Al Mukalla City District, Al Qaf District, Al Qatn District, Amd District, Ar Raydah Wa Qusayar District, As Sawm District, Ash Shihr District, Brom Mayfa District, Daw'an District, Ghayl Ba Wazir District, Ghayl Bin Yamin District, Hagr As Sai'ar District, Hajr District, Hidaybu (Socotra-East) District, Huraidhah District, Qulensya Wa Abd Al Kuri (Socotra-West and Abd Al Kuri) District, Rakhyah District, Rumah District, Sah District, Sayun District, Shibam District, Tarim District, Thamud District, Wadi Al Ayn District, Yabuth District, Zamakh wa Manwakh District.Hajjah Governorate: Abs District, Aflah Al Yaman District, Aflah Ash Shawm District, Al Jamimah District, Al Maghrabah District, Al Mahabishah District, Al Miftah District, Ash Shaghadirah District, Ash Shahil District, Aslem District, Bakil Al Mir District, Bani Al Awam District, Bani Qa'is District, Hajjah District, Hajjah City District, Harad District, Hayran District, Khayran Al Muharraq District, Ku'aydinah District, Kuhlan Affar District, Kuhlan Ash Sharaf District, Kushar District, Mabyan District, Midi District, Mustaba District, Najrah District, Qafl Shamer District, Qarah District, Sharas District, Wadhrah District, Washhah District.Ibb Governorate: Al Dhihar District, Al Makhadir District, Al Mashannah District, Al Qafr District, Al Udayn District, An Nadirah District, Ar Radmah District, As Sabrah District, As Saddah District, As Sayyani District, Ash Sha'ir District, Ba'dan District, Dhi As Sufal District, Far Al Udayn District, Hazm Al Udayn District, Hubaysh District, Ibb District, Jiblah District, Mudhaykhirah District, Yarim District.Lahij Governorate: Al Hawtah District, Al Had District, Al Madaribah Wa Al Arah District, Al Maflahy District, Al Maqatirah District, Al Milah District, Al Musaymir District, Al Qabbaytah District, Habil Jabr District, Halimayn District, Radfan District, Tuban District, Tur Al Bahah District, Yafa'a District, Yahr District.Ma'rib Governorate: Al Abdiyah District, Al Jubah District, Bidbadah District, Harib District, Harib Al Qaramish District, Jabal Murad District, Mahliyah District, Majzar District, Marib District, Marib City District, Medghal District, Raghwan District, Rahabah District, Sirwah District.Raymah Governorate: Al Jabin District, Al Jafariyah District, As Salafiyah District, Bilad At Ta'am District, Kusmah District, Mazhar District.Sa'dah Governorate: Al Dhaher District, Al Hashwah District, As Safra District, Baqim District, Dammaj District, Ghamr District, Haydan District, Kitaf wa Al Boqe'e District, Majz District, Monabbih District, Qatabir District, Razih District, Sa'adah District, Sahar District, Saqayn District, Shada'a District.Sana'a Governorate: Al Haymah Ad Dakhiliyah District, Al Haymah Al Kharijiyah District, Al Husn District, Arhab District, Attyal District, Bani Dhabyan District, Bani Hushaysh District, Bani Matar District, Bilad Ar Rus District, Hamdan District, Jihanah District, Khwlan District, Manakhah District, Nihm District, Sa'fan District, Sanhan District,Shabwah Governorate: Ain District, Al Talh District, Ar Rawdah District, Arma District, As Said District, Ataq District, Bayhan District, Dhar District, Habban District, Hatib District, Jardan District, Mayfa'a District, Merkhah Al Ulya District, Merkhah As Sufla District, Nisab District, Rudum District, Usaylan District,Ta'izz Governorate: Al Mukha District, Al Ma'afer District, Al Mawasit District, Al Misrakh District, Al Mudhaffar District, Al Qahirah District, Al Wazi'iyah District, As Silw District, Ash Shamayatayn District, At Ta'iziyah District, Dhubab District, Dimnat Khadir District, Hayfan District, Jabal Habashy District, Maqbanah District, Mashra'a Wa Hadnan District, Mawiyah District, Mawza District, Sabir Al Mawadim District, Salh District, Sama District, Shara'b Ar Rawnah District, Shara'b As Salam District.
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